Investigating of Process Design Parameters in 4043 alloy Additive Manufactured specimens, to create external features of cylinder head

In Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), a 3D object is created from small material sectors,. It usually adds layers of material continuously to produce the final shape. The challenges facing additive manufacturing methods for functional or mass production parts, are still complex geometries, used materials, quality of manufactured components, cycle time and cost. The solubility of hydrogen in aluminum increases dramatically at temperatures above 650 °C, causing hydrogen porosity and thus reducing the mechanical properties of the specimen. It is shown that in order to eliminate the hydrogen porosity, in addition to cleaning and degreasing, gas protection must be maintained during cooling until at least 500 °C. In this study, a simple geometry has been investigated, and the mechanical properties of specimens created from deposited walls on substrates, have been compared under different conditions. As the result of interpass time increased, the Interpass temperature, further decreased and the ratio of layer height to its width increased. Optimization in travel speed increasing, reducing the height and width of the layers, in addition the heat input reduced and the mechanical properties improved, and the more accurated features, created on the external surfaces of the cylinder head.